The Criminal Courts PPP project was designed for a seminal site beside the Phoenix Park in Dublin, a location which mediated between city and country and responded to the plan of the city, the third monument in a trilogy of major public buildings punctuating the river. Laid out in three fingers with interstitial spaces and gardens extending and folding  from a focal point on the street, the scheme framed the Park and James Gandon’s Department of Defence, allowing for great open-ness and easy public access, a manifest transparency to the legal process. Three towers of different heights marked the scheme from a distance and provided a gateway to the city; the internal arrangement required a complex interpenetration of double height courtrooms and multiple circulation routes.